the quality of being harsh, hard; hardness; harshness.

that which is difficult to understand or comprehend.

a long metal stick with a flat end on one side used to turn or stir the food being cooked in a vessel or baked or fried on a pan; a roasting jack.

the tree Acacia speciosa of Mimosae family; sirissa tree.

a woman who drinks alcoholic liquor as a matter of habit or to excess.

= ಕೊಡಂಚಿ.

to take out the cerumen, the yellowish, waxlike secretion found in the canal of the external ear.

to clean a vessel by rubbing its inside with the hand.

a long metal stick with a flat end on one side used to turn or stir the food being cooked in a vessel or baked or fried on a pan; a roasting jack.

= ಖಡಚಿ.

= ಗಡುಸು.

the creeper Tinosporia cordifolia ( = Menispermum cordifolium, = Cocculus cordifolius) of Menispermaceae family; moon creeper.

the plant Cissampelos pareira ( = C. convolvulaceae) of Menispermaceae family; false pareira root.